Kapalbhati and Nadi Shodhana (also known as "Nadi Shuddhi" or "Anulom Vilom") are both types of pranayama, or breathing exercises, in yoga. These practices can be done in seated or standing positions.
Kapalbhati specifically is typically done in seated position, with legs crossed and the spine straight. This is because the practice involves a rapid, forceful exhale followed by a passive inhale, and sitting can help to steady the body and maintain focus during the practice. However, it is possible to perform Kapalbhati in standing position, but it may be more challenging to maintain balance and focus on the breath.
Nadi Shodhana, also can be done in seated or standing positions, but it is more common to do it in seated position. This is because the practice involves alternate nostril breathing, which can be more difficult to coordinate while standing. However, it is possible to perform Nadi Shodhana in standing position, as long as you are able to maintain balance and focus on the breath.
It is important to keep in mind that both of these practices are advanced breathing exercises, and should be learned and practiced under the guidance of a qualified teacher. It is also important to be mindful of your own body, and only practice these techniques if you feel comfortable and confident doing so.
Moreover, as per the concept of Ashtanga Yoga where pranayama comes after Asana. Pranayama has been recommended only after mastering asanas. This suggests that our posture should be stable and comfortable for pranayama which is nothing other than meditative asana. So, I dont think one should do pranayama in standing position, otherwise the requirement of concentration for efficacy of the pranayama will not be fulfilled. However, if someone has any issue with knees or legs due to injury or surgical operation, they may do while sitting on chair. Please feel comfortable to write back for any further query.
