Your question sounds great! I feel happy to answer.
Let's start in this way that the Doshas are the corner-stones on the ayurvedic map of seasons, body constitutions and timings of the days. They are Vata, Kapha and Pitta. These doshas relate to the elements - air and space relating to Vata, fire and water to Pitta and earth and water to Kapha. However, these doshas are roughly translated as wind, fire, biological water in the atmosphere, body and during different timings of the day. Accordingly, these doshas relate to seasons and the time of the day as well as times /stages of life.
Let’s see how the cycle of seasons is caused by Earth's tilt toward the sun. The planet rotates around an axis throughout year. During this time, the northern hemisphere receives more heat so has higher temperatures—it is summer. Six months later, the Earth is on the other side of its orbit, and the Earth is tilted away from the sun. Now, the northern hemisphere receives less heat so it is colder—it is winter. This is because, at different times during the year, the northern or southern axis is closer to the sun. During these times, the hemisphere tipped toward the sun experiences summer, while the hemisphere tilted away from the sun experiences winter. This makes the entire Earth’s annual journey comprising of different seasons and hence, the doshas attributed to the seasons.
So as we come into the summer season we are in the season of Pitta (when the respective axis is closer to the sun). Pitta relates to the fire element (heat element in the atmosphere). In the day, Its dominant time is midday, when the sun is highest. During autumn and winter, when it is cold and dry, it is Vata season. Spring is Kapha season and relates to the cold and wet.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLRA87TKXLM
We see from the above, the dominance of doshas are indirectly linked to the influence of sun/ heat which causes changes in the season from season of heat through flow of warm winds getting upwards resulting into rains and thus change in the following seasons.
The rotation of the earth on its own axis as well as around the sun is similar throughout the year and every year, theoretically, the seasons repeats every year in same sequence. So, all years are similar in respect of doshas. We cannot therefore say that if any year is dosha specific dominant.
It happens only at polar region because the poles receive less energy and heat from the sun. This results in only two polar two seasons—summer and winter, there the doshas may be specifically dominant. But again, other factors needs to be taken into account.
However, due to increased industrial pollution, deforestation, soil pollution, air pollution resulting to global warming and consequential melting of glaciers resulting into Extreme weather, extreme events, tropical cyclones, there are disastrous changes in the atmosphere disturbing heavily in seasons and therefore, all the doshas will be perturbed in the forthcoming years to a large unbearable extent.
